Python "shutil" Module¶

import shutil
import glob
import os
data = """The Zen of Python, by Tim Peters

Beautiful is better than ugly.
Explicit is better than implicit.
Simple is better than complex.
Complex is better than complicated.
Flat is better than nested.
Sparse is better than dense.
Readability counts.
Special cases aren't special enough to break the rules.
Although practicality beats purity.
Errors should never pass silently.
Unless explicitly silenced.
In the face of ambiguity, refuse the temptation to guess.
There should be one-- and preferably only one --obvious way to do it.
Although that way may not be obvious at first unless you're Dutch.
Now is better than never.
Although never is often better than *right* now.
If the implementation is hard to explain, it's a bad idea.
If the implementation is easy to explain, it may be a good idea.
Namespaces are one honking great idea -- let's do more of those!"""

print('Creating directory structures and files for experimentation purpose.')
%mkdir folder_l1_1
%mkdir folder_l1_2
%mkdir folder_l1_1/folder_l2
!touch temp.txt temp.jpg temp.png a.png b.jpg c.txt d.txt t1.png t2.jpg .temp.png .temp.jpg
!touch folder_l1_1/t.txt folder_l1_1/t2.png folder_l1_1/a.mp4 folder_l1_1/b.mp4 folder_l1_1/c.mpeg folder_l1_1/t3.jpg
!touch folder_l1_2/t2.txt folder_l1_2/t1.png folder_l1_2/b.mp4 folder_l1_2/c.mp4 folder_l1_2/d.mpeg
!touch folder_l1_1/folder_l2/t.txt folder_l1_1/folder_l2/t2.png folder_l1_1/folder_l2/a.mp4
print('\nCurrent directory contents : ')
%ls
print('\nfolder_l1_1 directory contents : ')
%ls folder_l1_1
print('\nfolder_l1_2 directory contents :')
%ls folder_l1_2
print('\nfolder_l1_1/folder_l2 directory contents : ')
%ls folder_l1_1/folder_l2

## Writing data string defined above to c.txt file.
with open('c.txt','w') as f:
    f.write(data)

!cat c.txt | wc -l ## Checking whether data got written to c.txt

fsrc = open('c.txt', 'r')
fdest = open('d.txt','a')
shutil.copyfileobj(fsrc,fdest)

!cat d.txt | wc -l

shutil.copyfile('c.txt', 'e.txt') ## If destination file already exists then it overwrites and if it does not then creates one.

!cat e.txt | wc -l

## Please make a note that a.png and b.jpg has different permission bits. 
## a.png and d.jpg has difference permission bits, creation time as well
!chown sys a.png
!touch d.png b.png d.jpg
!chmod 655 a.png
!ls -lrt a.png d.jpg b.jpg

shutil.copystat('a.png','b.jpg')
shutil.copymode('a.png','d.jpg')

!ls -lrt a.png d.jpg b.jpg ## Please make a note in permission change of d.jpg and b.jpg at begining.

shutil.copy('d.jpg','e.jpg'), shutil.copy2('d.jpg','f.jpg')

!ls -lrt d.jpg e.jpg f.jpg ## Please make a note that copy() did not copy metadata like creation/modifcation time. But copy2() did copy metadata.

shutil.disk_usage(os.getcwd())

!ls -lrt d.jpg e.jpg
shutil.chown('d.jpg',user='sys')
shutil.chown('e.jpg',user='sys', group='sys')
!ls -lrt d.jpg e.jpg

print(shutil.which('rm'))
print(shutil.which('ls'))
print(shutil.which('pip'))
print(shutil.which('conda'))
print(shutil.which('wheel'))
print(shutil.which('chown'))
print(shutil.which('chmod'))
print(shutil.which('jupyter'))
print(shutil.which('ipython'))